Use cardboard and corks to engineer simple gears. Kids will get a kick out of designing a piece of art that moves.
Only adults should cut the corks.
Older kids can help hammer and push nails through the corks, but young children should have assistance.
Step 2: Help your child measure, mark, and then cut the peeled cardboard into 1.5 centimeter-wide strips.
Step 3: Adult-only step: Cut a cork into several 1.5 centimeter thick circles.
Step 6: Help your young engineer arrange the gears side-by-side to create a caterpillar. Ask him how close the gears have to be so that they will turn the next one in line.
Step 7: Assist in arranging the corks, so that when you push the nails into the pie tin or cake pan, the gears will interlock and spin together. Help push the nails through the aluminum.
Step 8: Ask your young learner to test the gear caterpillar by turning one of the corks.
Step 9: Rearrange the gears as needed. Remind your child that many projects require lots of tries to get things to work the way you want them to.
Step 10: When the caterpillar gears are in place, cover the nail points with more corks or tape to protect small hands from sharp points.
Step 11: Let your child paint her gear caterpillar.
Make another gear-powered animal or design. What other creative moving creatures can your young designer invent?
Some of the first gears we know about were created more than two thousand years ago by the Chinese and the ancient Greeks. Gears are simple but very useful machines that transfer force from one gear to another. They’re used in everything from mechanical clocks to kitchen mixers and oil rigs.
The bumps on gears are called teeth or cogs, and the cogs of one gear mesh with the cogs of another. A collection of several gears in a row, like the one in the gear caterpillar we made, is called a gear train. You can find gear trains in the transmission systems of cars.
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This project and more like it are featured in Liz’s new book STEAM Lab for Kids: 52 Creative Hands-On Projects Using Science, Technology, Engineering, Art and Math (Quarry Books, spring 2018).
© Quarry Books, 2018/STEAM Lab for Kids; photos © Quarry Books
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